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الدرس 2 · صف 12+
Brakes: pads, discs and the warning signs
📖 الدرس
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🎯 اختبار — اختر الترجمة
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✅ أُنجز الدرس
A brake is hydraulics: the pedal pushes fluid → the caliper piston squeezes pads onto the disc → friction eats speed and turns it into heat. Pads last 30–80k km. Wear signs: squealing/grinding, a pedal that sinks, pulling to one side, pedal pulsation (warped disc). ABS does not shorten the distance — it keeps steering: push the pedal to the floor and steer.
- ●Minimum pad thickness ~3 mm — after that metal on disc
- ●Brake fluid ages in 2 years: absorbs water, boiling point drops
- ●After brake service: 300 km bedding in — no hard stops
🛑 At 100 km/h brakes convert ~500 kJ into heat — discs glow at 400+ °C. Coasting downhill on the pedal causes fading: downshift!