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الدرس 8 · صف 7–9
Internet and Web: how data travels
📖 الدرس
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🎯 اختبار — اختر الترجمة
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✅ أُنجز الدرس
The internet is a network of networks: cables, undersea lines, satellites and protocols. When you open a site, the request travels in packets: your router → provider → exchange points (in Germany DE-CIX in Frankfurt, the world\u2019s largest) → server → back. The WWW is a service on top: pages at addresses (URLs), invented by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN in 1989.
- ●IP address — the device\u2019s address in the network (like a house number)
- ●DNS — the phone book: name → IP (kapnula.de → server address)
- ●HTTPS — the lock 🔒: traffic is encrypted between you and the site
🌐 99% of intercontinental traffic goes through undersea cables — not satellites. The internet physically lies on the ocean floor.