Mechanics: gears, belts, hydraulics

📖 الدرس ──▶ 🎯 اختبار — اختر الترجمة ──▶ ✅ أُنجز الدرس

Mechanical transmission = trading force for speed. GEAR: small on large = pull (more torque, fewer revs). BELT/CHAIN: rotation over distance, belt slips on overload (protection). HYDRAULICS: pressure × area — the excavator lifts tonnes with hand force (Pascal: pressure everywhere equal). PNEUMATICS: same with air — truck brakes. Gearbox = gear case changing pull.

●Hydro cylinder: 10 bar × 10 cm² = 1 tonne force — Pascal in action
●Bicycle chain = simplest gearbox: front 50 / rear 25 = easier pedaling
●Gear ratio backwards: small drives → large driven = more pull

🏗 The car jack runs on hydraulics: 10 pumps = 2 tonnes in the air. Without hydraulics no mechanic works — and no dental chair rises.

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