Electrics: basics and what is forbidden DIY

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Electrics in Germany is for the Elektrofachkraft only: changing a socket or switch yourself is formally forbidden (law + insurance refuses after a fire). Allowed: bulbs, extension cords, switching off the breaker in an emergency. The basics: Phase (L, brown/black), Neutral (N, blue), Earth (PE, yellow-green). The RCD (FI-Schutzschalter) is mandatory for bath/kitchen. VDE wiring: sockets 1.5 mm², oven 2.5 mm².

●VDE standard: wire colours, cross-sections, IP rating (IP44 in the bath)
●The RCD trips on leakage current — it saves from shock
●Overload: a circuit takes ~3.5 kW — do not plug everything into one socket

⚡ The electrician is the best-paid craftsman: ~€3,500–4,500/month after Meister. But the training is strict: 3.5 years plus journeyman exam.

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