The Empire: Bismarck to 1871

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Before 1871 there was no "Germany" — only dozens of principalities and kingdoms. Prussian chancellor Otto von Bismarck united the country through three wars (Denmark 1864, Austria 1866, France 1870) and diplomacy. On 18 January 1871, the German Empire was proclaimed at Versailles — the Prussian king became Kaiser Wilhelm I.

●"Through blood and iron" — Bismarck\u2019s famous formula of unification
●Capital: Berlin — the empire turned it into a metropolis
●The empire caught up industrially fast — the "Gründerzeit"

🏗 Questions about 1871 and Bismarck appear in the citizenship test — the empire explains today\u2019s Germany.

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