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Lecție 7 · clasă 14+
Smart home projects: from idea to relay
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Three classic first projects: 1) Night light with PIR — motion → light for 30 s. 2) Thermometer with OLED display (I²C, 4 wires) — DHT22 → screen. 3) Plant watering — soil moisture sensor → pump. With a relay module (~€3) Arduino switches real appliances — but ⚠️ 230 V: that belongs to the craft subject’s electrical lessons: mains voltage only in closed housings, with a fuse, and have a pro check it first. For starters: stay on safe 5–12 V.
- ●ESP8266/ESP32 + Wi-Fi = the same project, but with a phone app
- ●MQTT is the smart-home language: the board publishes "temp=21", everyone listens
- ●⚠️ Never run a DIY 230-V device without housing and fuse
🏠 Germany’s professional smart-home standard KNX costs ~€30,000 per house installed. Arduino + ESP32 covers 80% of the features for ~€50 — and teaches you how KNX works inside.